Today, cyberattacks can place entire organizations at risk. Cybersecurity can no longer be delegated to specialists: Success requires everyone to work together, from leaders on down. Developing Cybersecurity Programs and Policies in an AI-Driven World offers start-to-finish guidance for establishing effective cybersecurity in any organization. Drawing on more than two decades of real-world experience, Omar Santos presents realistic best practices for defining policy and governance, ensuring compliance, and collaborating to harden the entire organization.

Santos begins by outlining the process of formulating actionable cybersecurity policies and creating a governance framework to support these policies. He then delves into various aspects of risk management, including strategies for asset management and data loss prevention, illustrating how to integrate various organizational functionsfrom HR to physical securityto enhance overall protection. This book covers many case studies and best practices for safeguarding communications, operations, and access; alongside strategies for the responsible acquisition, development, and maintenance of technology. It also discusses effective responses to security incidents. Santos provides a detailed examination of compliance requirements in different sectors and the NIST Cybersecurity Framework.

LEARN HOW TO

Establish cybersecurity policies and governance that serve your organizations needs
Integrate cybersecurity program components into a coherent framework for action
Assess, prioritize, and manage security risk throughout the organization
Manage assets and prevent data loss
Work with HR to address human factors in cybersecurity
Harden your facilities and physical environment
Design effective policies for securing communications, operations, and access
Strengthen security throughout AI-driven deployments
Plan for quick, effective incident response and ensure business continuity
Comply with rigorous regulations in finance and healthcare
Learn about the NIST AI Risk Framework and how to protect AI implementations
Explore and apply the guidance provided by the NIST Cybersecurity Framework



Sample Content

Introduction xviii

Chapter 1: Understanding Cybersecurity Policy and Governance 2

Information Security vs. Cybersecurity Policies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Looking at Policy Through the Ages.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Cybersecurity Policy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Cybersecurity Policy Life Cycle.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Chapter 2: Cybersecurity Policy Organization, Format, and Styles 46

Policy Hierarchy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Writing Style and Technique.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Plain Language Techniques for Policy Writing.. . . . . . . . . . 53

Policy Format.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Chapter 3: Cybersecurity Frameworks 80

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

What Is a Cybersecurity Framework?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

NIST Cybersecurity Framework.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Chapter 4: Cloud Security 132

Why Cloud Computing?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Cloud Computing Models.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Cloud Governance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Multitenancy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Core Components of the Cloud Computing Reference Architecture.. . . . . . 151

Key Concepts and Functional Layers of Cloud Computing. . . . . . . . . . 152

Understanding Top Cybersecurity Risks in Cloud Computing. . . . . . . . . 153

AI and the Cloud: Revolutionizing the Future of Computing.. . . . . . . . . . 166

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Chapter 5: Governance and Risk Management 176

Understanding Cybersecurity Policies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Cybersecurity Risk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Chapter 6: Asset Management and Data Loss Prevention 220

Information Assets and Systems.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Information Classification.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Labeling and Handling Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Information Systems Inventory.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Understanding Data Loss Prevention Technologies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Chapter 7: Human Resources Security and Education 256

The Employee Life Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

The Importance of Employee Agreements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

The Importance of Security Education and Training. . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

Chapter 8: Physical and Environmental Security 290

Understanding the Secure Facility Layered Defense Model.. . . . . . . . . . 292

Protecting Equipment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

Environmental Sustainability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Chapter 9: Cybersecurity Operations (CyberOps), Incident Response, Digital Forensics, and Threat Hunting 320

Incident Response.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

What Happened? Investigation and Evidence Handling.. . . . . . . . . . . 349

Understanding Threat Hunting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Understanding Digital Forensic Analysis.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

Data Breach Notification Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368

Chapter 10: Access Control Management 384

Access Control Fundamentals.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

Infrastructure Access Controls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

User Access Controls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422

Chapter 11: Supply Chain Security, Information Systems Acquisition, Development, and Maintenance 434

Strengthening the Links: A Deep Dive into Supply Chain Security.. . . . . . . 435

System Security Requirements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

Secure Code.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448

Cryptography.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

Chapter 12: Business Continuity Management 474

Emergency Preparedness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475

Business Continuity Risk Management.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479

The Business Continuity Plan.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485

Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery in Cloud Services.. . . . . . . . . 493

Plan Testing and Maintenance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504

Chapter 13: Regulatory Compliance for Financial Institutions 514

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

New Yorks Department of Financial Services Cybersecurity Regulation.. . . . . 533

What Is a Regulatory Examination?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535

Personal and Corporate Identity Theft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537

Regulation of Fintech, Digital Assets, and Cryptocurrencies. . . . . . . . . . 540

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542

Chapter 14: Regulatory Compliance for the Health-care Sector 556

The HIPAA Security Rule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558

The HITECH Act and the Omnibus Rule.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581

Understanding the HIPAA Compliance Enforcement Process. . . . . . . . . 586

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588

Chapter 15: PCI Compliance for Merchants 600

Protecting Cardholder Data.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601

PCI Compliance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623

Chapter 16: Privacy in an AI-Driven Landscape 634

Defining Privacy in the Digital Context. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635

The Interplay Between AI and Privacy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637

California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640

Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA).. . . . 641

Data Protection Act 2018 in the United Kingdom.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643

Leveraging AI to Enhance Privacy Protections.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647

Chapter 17: Artificial Intelligence Governance and Regulations 652

The AI Double-Edged Sword.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653

Generative AI, LLMs, and Traditional Machine Learning Implementations. . . . 653

Introduction to AI Governance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654

The U.S. Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy

Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655

The Importance of High Accuracy and Precision in AI Systems.. . . . . . . . 661

Explainable AI (XAI): Building Trust and Understanding.. . . . . . . . . . . . 663

Government and Society-wide Approaches to AI Governance.. . . . . . . . . 665

The EU AI Act. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667

Guidelines for Secure AI System Development.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 670

OWASP Top 10 Risks for LLM.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674

MITRE ATLAS Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684

Appendix A: Answers to the Multiple Choice Questions 696

978138074104, TOC, 6/18/2024



Updates

Submit Errata



More Information



Pearson IT Certification Promotional Mailings & Special Offers

I would like to receive exclusive offers and hear about products from Pearson IT Certification and its family of brands. I can unsubscribe at any time.

Privacy Notice

Overview

Pearson Education, Inc., 221 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, (Pearson) presents this site to provide information about Pearson IT Certification products and services that can be purchased through this site.

This privacy notice provides an overview of our commitment to privacy and describes how we collect, protect, use and share personal information collected through this site. Please note that other Pearson websites and online products and services have their own separate privacy policies.

Collection and Use of Information

To conduct business and deliver products and services, Pearson collects and uses personal information in several ways in connection with this site, including:

Questions and Inquiries

For inquiries and questions, we collect the inquiry or question, together with name, contact details (email address, phone number and mailing address) and any other additional information voluntarily submitted to us through a Contact Us form or an email. We use this information to address the inquiry and respond to the question.

Online Store

For orders and purchases placed through our online store on this site, we collect order details, name, institution name and address (if applicable), email address, phone number, shipping and billing addresses, credit/debit card information, shipping options and any instructions. We use this information to complete transactions, fulfill orders, communicate with individuals placing orders or visiting the online store, and for related purposes.

Surveys

Pearson may offer opportunities to provide feedback or participate in surveys, including surveys evaluating Pearson products, services or sites. Participation is voluntary. Pearson collects information requested in the survey questions and uses the information to evaluate, support, maintain and improve products, services or sites; develop new products and services; conduct educational research; and for other purposes specified in the survey.

Contests and Drawings

Occasionally, we may sponsor a contest or drawing. Participation is optional. Pearson collects name, contact information and other information specified on the entry form for the contest or drawing to conduct the contest or drawing. Pearson may collect additional personal information from the winners of a contest or drawing in order to award the prize and for tax reporting purposes, as required by law.

Newsletters

If you have elected to receive email newsletters or promotional mailings and special offers but want to unsubscribe, simply email information@informit.com.

Service Announcements

On rare occasions it is necessary to send out a strictly service related announcement. For instance, if our service is temporarily suspended for maintenance we might send users an email. Generally, users may not opt-out of these communications, though they can deactivate their account information. However, these communications are not promotional in nature.

Customer Service

We communicate with users on a regular basis to provide requested services and in regard to issues relating to their account we reply via email or phone in accordance with the users' wishes when a user submits their information through our Contact Us form.

Other Collection and Use of Information

Application and System Logs

Pearson automatically collects log data to help ensure the delivery, availability and security of this site. Log data may include technical information about how a user or visitor connected to this site, such as browser type, type of computer/device, operating system, internet service provider and IP address. We use this information for support purposes and to monitor the health of the site, identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents and appropriately scale computing resources.

Web Analytics

Pearson may use third party web trend analytical services, including Google Analytics, to collect visitor information, such as IP addresses, browser types, referring pages, pages visited and time spent on a particular site. While these analytical services collect and report information on an anonymous basis, they may use cookies to gather web trend information. The information gathered may enable Pearson (but not the third party web trend services) to link information with application and system log data. Pearson uses this information for system administration and to identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents, appropriately scale computing resources and otherwise support and deliver this site and its services.

Cookies and Related Technologies

This site uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, measure traffic patterns, control security, track use and access of information on this site, and provide interest-based messages and advertising. Users can manage and block the use of cookies through their browser. Disabling or blocking certain cookies may limit the functionality of this site.

Do Not Track

This site currently does not respond to Do Not Track signals.

Security

Pearson uses appropriate physical, administrative and technical security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure.

Children

This site is not directed to children under the age of 13.

Marketing

Pearson may send or direct marketing communications to users, provided that

Pearson will not use personal information collected or processed as a K-12 school service provider for the purpose of directed or targeted advertising.
Such marketing is consistent with applicable law and Pearson's legal obligations.
Pearson will not knowingly direct or send marketing communications to an individual who has expressed a preference not to receive marketing.
Where required by applicable law, express or implied consent to marketing exists and has not been withdrawn.

Pearson may provide personal information to a third party service provider on a restricted basis to provide marketing solely on behalf of Pearson or an affiliate or customer for whom Pearson is a service provider. Marketing preferences may be changed at any time.

Correcting/Updating Personal Information

If a user's personally identifiable information changes (such as your postal address or email address), we provide a way to correct or update that user's personal data provided to us. This can be done on the Account page. If a user no longer desires our service and desires to delete his or her account, please contact us at customer-service@informit.com and we will process the deletion of a user's account.

Choice/Opt-out

Users can always make an informed choice as to whether they should proceed with certain services offered by Adobe Press. If you choose to remove yourself from our mailing list(s) simply visit the following page and uncheck any communication you no longer want to receive: www.pearsonitcertification.com/u.aspx.

Sale of Personal Information

Pearson does not rent or sell personal information in exchange for any payment of money.

While Pearson does not sell personal information, as defined in Nevada law, Nevada residents may email a request for no sale of their personal information to NevadaDesignatedRequest@pearson.com.

Supplemental Privacy Statement for California Residents

California residents should read our Supplemental privacy statement for California residents in conjunction with this Privacy Notice. The Supplemental privacy statement for California residents explains Pearson's commitment to comply with California law and applies to personal information of California residents collected in connection with this site and the Services.

Sharing and Disclosure

Pearson may disclose personal information, as follows:

As required by law.
With the consent of the individual (or their parent, if the individual is a minor)
In response to a subpoena, court order or legal process, to the extent permitted or required by law
To protect the security and safety of individuals, data, assets and systems, consistent with applicable law
In connection the sale, joint venture or other transfer of some or all of its company or assets, subject to the provisions of this Privacy Notice
To investigate or address actual or suspected fraud or other illegal activities
To exercise its legal rights, including enforcement of the Terms of Use for this site or another contract
To affiliated Pearson companies and other companies and organizations who perform work for Pearson and are obligated to protect the privacy of personal information consistent with this Privacy Notice
To a school, organization, company or government agency, where Pearson collects or processes the personal information in a school setting or on behalf of such organization, company or government agency.

Links

This web site contains links to other sites. Please be aware that we are not responsible for the privacy practices of such other sites. We encourage our users to be aware when they leave our site and to read the privacy statements of each and every web site that collects Personal Information. This privacy statement applies solely to information collected by this web site.

Requests and Contact

Please contact us about this Privacy Notice or if you have any requests or questions relating to the privacy of your personal information.

Changes to this Privacy Notice

We may revise this Privacy Notice through an updated posting. We will identify the effective date of the revision in the posting. Often, updates are made to provide greater clarity or to comply with changes in regulatory requirements. If the updates involve material changes to the collection, protection, use or disclosure of Personal Information, Pearson will provide notice of the change through a conspicuous notice on this site or other appropriate way. Continued use of the site after the effective date of a posted revision evidences acceptance. Please contact us if you have questions or concerns about the Privacy Notice or any objection to any revisions.

Last Update: November 17, 2020

Email Address

Request an Instructor or Media review copy.
Corporate, Academic, and Employee Purchases
International Buying Options

Developing Cybersecurity Programs and Policies in an AI-Driven World, 4th Edition

Book

Description