This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
Practice Questions
Question 1
Unauthorized access has been detected on the network. Someone had been logging in as one of the help desk technicians during off hours. Later you find out he received an email from the network administrator asking him to supply his password so that he could make changes to his profile. What types of attacks have been executed? [Choose the two best answers.]
Spoofing
Man in the middle
Replay
Social engineering
Answers A and D are correct. Spoofing involves modifying the source address of traffic or source of information. In this instance, the email was spoofed to make the user think it came from the administrator. By replying to the request, the user was tricked into supplying compromising information, which is a classic sign of social engineering. Answer B is incorrect because a man-in-the-middle attack is commonly used to gather information in transit between two hosts. In a replay attack, an attacker intercepts traffic between two endpoints and retransmits (or replays) it later; therefore, answer C is incorrect.
Question 2
You're the security administrator for a bank. The users are complaining about the network being slow. However, it is not a particularly busy time of the day. You capture network packets and discover that hundreds of ICMP packets have been sent to the host. What type of attack is likely being executed against your network?
Spoofing
Man-in-the-middle
Worm
Denial of service
Answer D is correct. A ping flood is a DoS attack that attempts to block service or reduce activity on a host by sending ping requests directly to the victim. Answer A is incorrect because spoofing involves modifying the source address of traffic or source of information. Answer B is incorrect because a man-in-the middle attack is commonly used to gather information in transit between two hosts. Answer C is incorrect because a worm is a form of malicious code.
Question 3
Which of the following is a correct definition of a Trojan horse?
It needs no user intervention to replicate.
It sends messages to a computer with an IP address indicating that the message is coming from a trusted host.
It is open-source code and attacks only open-source software.
It buries itself in the operating system software and infects other systems only after a user executes the application that it is buried in.
Answer D is correct. A Trojan horse appears to be useful software but has code hidden inside that will attack your system directly or allow the system to be infiltrated by the originator of the code once it is executed. Answers A is incorrect because a Trojan horse is not self-executing. Answer B is incorrect because it is the description of spoofing. Answer C is incorrect because viruses are based on exploits of Microsoft Visual Basic, not Trojan horses.
Question 4
You are checking your network to ensure users are conforming to a new password security policy that requires them to use complex passwords. You plan on using a password-cracking program. Which of the following programs can you use? [Choose all correct answers.]
John the Ripper
SATAN
L0phtCrack
SAINT
Answers A and C are correct. John the Ripper and L0phtCrack are both used to crack passwords. Answers B and D are incorrect because both SATAN and SAINT are vulnerability-testing tools.
Question 5
Back Orifice is considered a(n) _________.
Virus
Illicit server
Worm
Trojan horse
Answer B is correct. Back Orifice, NetBus, and Sub7 have two essential parts: a server and client. These programs are known as illicit servers. Answer A is incorrect because a software virus is a small chunk of code designed to attach to other code. Answer C is incorrect because a worm is a form of malicious code. Answer D is incorrect because a Trojan horse appears to be useful software but has code hidden inside that will attack your system directly or allow the system to be infiltrated by the originator of the code once it is executed.
Question 6
You have created a utility for defragmenting hard drives. You have hidden code inside the utility that will install itself and cause the infected system to erase the hard drive's contents on April 1, 2004. Which of the following attacks has been used in your code?
Virus
Spoofing
Logic bomb
Trojan horse
Answer C is correct. A logic bomb is a virus or Trojan horse that is built to go off when a certain event occurs or a period of time goes by. Answers A and D are incorrect because a specified time element is involved. Answer B is incorrect because spoofing involves modifying the source address of traffic or the source of information.
Question 7
Your network is under attack. Traffic patterns indicate that an unauthorized service is relaying information to a source outside the network. What type of attack is being executed against you?
Spoofing
Man-in-the-middle
Replay
Denial of service
Answer B is correct. A man-in-the-middle attack is commonly used to gather information in transit between two hosts Answer A is incorrect because spoofing involves modifying the source address of traffic or source of information. In a replay, an attacker intercepts traffic between two endpoints and retransmits or replays it later; therefore, answer C is incorrect. Because the purpose of a DoS attack is to deny use of resources or services to legitimate users, answer D is incorrect.
Question 8
Your new server is preinstalled with a suite of manufacturer tools and the following components:
Web server
FTP server
Telnet server
TCP/IP
NetBEUI
IPX/SPX
NNTP server
This machine is to be configured as a Novell application server. What is the best way to be sure the server is secure as possible?
Remove everything except NetBEUI.
Remove everything except IPX/SPX.
Reformat the machine and start from scratch.
Remove everything except TCP/IP.
Answer C is correct. Because a suite of tools from the manufacturer is installed, it may not be possible to determine what services these tools use; therefore, reformatting the machine would be the best way to ensure security. Be sure you have all the drivers and manufacturer software handy so you can reinstall everything you need. Answers A, B, and D are incorrect because these do not take into account the manufacturers tools.
Question 9
You have been assigned the task of setting auditing on the network. What is the first action you should take?
Determine where the log files will be stored.
Start auditing resources immediately.
Use a vulnerability scanner to see which resources are poorly protected.
Plan.
Answer D is correct. Planning is always the first step in implementing an audit policy. Answers A and C are incorrect because these steps follow the planning stage. Answer B is an unwise move—auditing without planning first can tax system resources and fill up the log files quickly.
Question 10
Due to a previous IP spoofing attack, you want to make some changes to the network to prevent future attacks. Which of following actions should you take?
Install antivirus software.
Set up IP address filters.
Install certificates on clients and servers.
Block all ports on the router.
Answer B is correct. By setting up filters to drop external packets with internal source addresses, you can help prevent this type of attack. Answers A and C are incorrect because antivirus software and certificates will not prevent IP address spoofing. Blocking all ports on the router will not allow any traffic in or out; therefore, answer D is incorrect.