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Enterprise Campus: Layer 3 Routing Design Considerations

The hierarchal enterprise campus architecture can facilitate achieving more structured hierarchal Layer 3 routing design, which is the key to achieving routing scalability in large networks. This reduces, to a large extent, the number of Layer 3 nodes and adjacencies in any given routing domain within each tier of the hierarchal enterprise campus network 27.

In a typical hierarchal enterprise campus network, the distribution block (layer) is considered the demarcation point between Layer 2 and Layer 3 domains. This is where Layer 3 uplinks participate in the campus core routing, using either an interior routing protocol (IGP) or Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), which can help to interconnect multiple campus distribution blocks together for end-to-end IP connectivity.

By contrast, with the routed access design model, Layer 3 routing is extended to the access layer switches. Consequently, the selection of the routing protocol is important for a redundant and reliable IP/routing reachability within the campus, considering scalability and the ability of the network to grow with minimal changes and impact to the network and routing design. All the Layer 3 routing design considerations discussed in previous chapters must be considered when applying any routing protocol to a campus LAN. Figure 3-7 illustrates a typical ideal routing design that aligns the IGP design (Open Shortest Path First [OSPF]) with the enterprise campus hierarchal architecture, along with the different functional modules.

Figure 3-7

Figure 3-7 Campus Network: Layer 3 Routing

NOTE

In the preceding example, the data center and other modules coexist within the enterprise campus to illustrate a generic IGP design over multiple modules interconnected over one core infrastructure (typical large campus design). However, in some designs, the data center is interconnected over a WAN or dedicated fiber links with the campus network. Also, the other blocks, such as Internet and WAN blocks, might be coresident at the data center’s physical location as well. In this case, you can use the same IGP design concept, and you can treat the WAN interconnect as an external link, as illustrated in Figure 3-8. Also, the enterprise core routing (that is, OSPF backbone area) can be extended over the WAN. In other words, all the concepts of IGP and BGP design discussed earlier in this book have to be considered to make the right design decision. (There is no single standard design that you can use in different scenarios.)

Figure 3-8

Figure 3-8 Campus Network: Layer 3 Design with WAN Core

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