VLAN Communications: Making Networks Talk to Each Other

Jul 7, 2015

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Network Configuration

Configuring any of the network options requires a good understanding of the concepts laid out in the previous sections. All of the following examples use four different VLANs: VLAN 10, VLAN 20, VLAN 30, and VLAN 40.

The option 1 configuration requires the interfaces connected to the router to be configured into the correct VLANs. No special configuration is required on R1, as each interface would be configured like a standard LAN interface; the VLANs are invisible to R1 in this configuration.

Table 1 shows an example, using the diagram from Figure 1.

Table 1

Step	Action(s)	Command(s)
1	Enter global configuration mode.	SW1#configure terminal
2	Enter into VLAN configuration mode and/or create a VLAN (optional).	SW1(config)#vlan vlan-id
3	Configure a name for the VLAN (optional).	SW1(config-vlan)#name name
4	Enter into interface configuration mode for the first interface connecting to R1.	SW1(config-vlan)#interface fastethernet0/0
5	Configure the access VLAN for the interface.	SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
6	Enter into interface configuration mode for the second interface connecting to R1.	SW1(config-vlan)#interface fastethernet0/1
7	Configure the access VLAN for the interface.	SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
8	Enter into interface configuration mode for the third interface connecting to R1.	SW1(config-vlan)#interface fastethernet0/2
9	Configure the access VLAN for the interface.	SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30
10	Enter into interface configuration mode for the fourth interface connecting to R1.	SW1(config-vlan)#interface fastethernet0/3
11	Configure the access VLAN for the interface.	SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 40

For option 2, the router must become aware of the VLANs being used and route accordingly. Table 2 shows an example of this configuration, using the diagram from Figure 2.

Table 2

Step	Action(s)	Command(s)
1	Enter global configuration mode.	SW1#configure terminal
2	Enter into VLAN configuration mode and/or create a VLAN (optional).	SW1(config)#vlan vlan-id
3	Configure a name for the VLAN (optional).	SW1(config-vlan)#name name
4	Enter into interface configuration mode for the first interface connecting to R1.	SW1(config-vlan)#interface fastethernet0/0
5	Configure the interface to become a trunk. Note: Routers don’t support the dynamic trunking protocol (DTP), so the trunk must be manually enabled.	SW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
6	Enter global configuration mode.	R1#configure terminal
7	Create a new sub-interface on the physical interface connecting to SW1. Note: For this example, I’m using sub-interface numbers that match the VLAN numbers, but this is not required.	R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0.10
8	Configure the interface to use IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation and handle traffic for VLAN 10.	R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 10
9	Create another new sub-interface on the physical interface connecting to SW1.	R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0.20
10	Configure the interface to use IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation and handle traffic for VLAN 20.	R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 20
11	Create another new sub-interface on the physical interface connecting to SW1.	R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0.30
12	Configure the interface to use IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation and handle traffic for VLAN 30.	R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 30
8	Create another new sub-interface on the physical interface connecting to SW1.	R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0.40
9	Configure the interface to use IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation and handle traffic for VLAN 40.	R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 40

All Layer 3 addressing information would now be configured on the sub-interfaces that are configured.

For option 3, the configuration requires that you set up the SVI within the switch to handle the VLAN traffic. Table 3 shows an example of this configuration, using the diagram from Figure 3.

Table 3

Step	Action(s)	Command(s)
1	Enter global configuration mode.	SW1#configure terminal
2	Enter into VLAN configuration mode and/or create a VLAN (optional).	SW1(config)#vlan vlan-id
3	Configure a name for the VLAN (optional).	SW1(config-vlan)#name name
4	Configure a new SVI interface for the first VLAN (10).	SW1(config-vlan)#interface vlan 10
5	Configure a new SVI interface for the second VLAN (20).	SW1(config-vlan)#interface vlan 20
6	Configure a new SVI interface for the third VLAN (30).	SW1(config-vlan)#interface vlan 30
7	Configure a new SVI interface for the fourth VLAN (40).	SW1(config-vlan)#interface vlan 40

All Layer 3 addressing information would now be configured on the SVI interfaces that are configured.

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