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Network Defense and Countermeasures: Principles and Practices, 4th Edition

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Network Defense and Countermeasures: Principles and Practices, 4th Edition

By William Easttom
Published Sep 22, 2023 by Pearson IT Certification. Part of the Pearson IT Cybersecurity Curriculum (ITCC) series.

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Description

Copyright 2024
Edition: 4th

eBook
ISBN-10: 0-13-820065-3
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-820065-7

All you need to know about defending networks, in one book

Clearly explains concepts, terminology, challenges, tools, and skills
Covers key security standards and models for business and government
The perfect introduction for all network/computer security professionals and students

Welcome to today's most useful and practical introduction to defending modern networks. Drawing on decades of experience, Chuck Easttom brings together updated coverage of all the concepts, terminology, techniques, and solutions you'll need to be effective.

Easttom thoroughly introduces the core technologies of modern network security, including firewalls, intrusion-detection systems, and VPNs. Next, he shows how encryption can be used to safeguard data as it moves across networks.

You'll learn how to harden operating systems, defend against malware and network attacks, establish robust security policies, and assess network security using industry-leading standards and models. You'll also find thorough coverage of key issues such as physical security, forensics, and cyberterrorism.

Throughout, Easttom blends theory and application, helping you understand both what to do and why. In every chapter, quizzes, exercises, projects, and web resources deepen your understanding and help you use what you've learnedin the classroom and in your career.

LEARN HOW TO

Evaluate key network risks and dangers
Choose the right network security approach for your organization
Anticipate and counter widespread network attacks, including those based on "social engineering"
Successfully deploy and apply firewalls and intrusion detection systems
Secure network communication with virtual private networks
Protect data with cryptographic public/private key systems, digital signatures, and certificates
Defend against malware, including ransomware, Trojan horses, and spyware
Harden operating systems and keep their security up to date
Define and implement security policies that reduce risk
Explore leading security standards and models, including ISO and NIST standards
Prepare for an investigation if your network has been attacked
Understand the growing risks of espionage and cyberterrorism

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Sample Content

Preface xxiii

Chapter 1: Introduction to Network Security 2

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

The Basics of a Network.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Basic Network Utilities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

The OSI Model.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

What Does This Mean for Security?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Assessing Likely Threats to the Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Classifications of Threats.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Likely Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Threat Assessment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Understanding Security Terminology.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Choosing a Network Security Approach.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Network Security and the Law.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Using Security Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Chapter 2: Types of Attacks 42

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Understanding Denial of Service Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Defending Against Buffer Overflow Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Defending Against IP Spoofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Defending Against Session Hijacking.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Blocking Virus and Trojan Horse Attacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Chapter 3: Fundamentals of Firewalls 82

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

What Is a Firewall?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Implementing Firewalls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Firewall Deployment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Selecting and Using a Firewall.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Using Proxy Servers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Chapter 4: Firewall Practical Applications 106

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Using Single Machine Firewalls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Windows 10 Firewall.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

User Account Control.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Linux Firewalls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Using Small Office/Home Office Firewalls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Using Medium-Sized Network Firewalls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Using Enterprise Firewalls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Chapter 5: Intrusion-Detection Systems 132

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Understanding IDS Concepts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

IDS Components and Processes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

SIEM.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Evasion Techniques.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Understanding and Implementing IDSs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Understanding and Implementing Honeypots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Chapter 6: Encryption Fundamentals 152

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

The History of Encryption.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Learning About Modern Encryption Methods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Identifying Good Encryption.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

Understanding Digital Signatures and Certificates.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

MAC and HMAC.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Understanding and Using Decryption.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Cracking Passwords.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Steganography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Steganalysis.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Quantum Computing and Quantum Cryptography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Endnote.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Chapter 7: Virtual Private Networks 194

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Basic VPN Technology.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

Using VPN Protocols for VPN Encryption.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

IPsec.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

SSL/TLS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Other VPN Protocols.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Implementing VPN Solutions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Chapter 8: Operating System Hardening 222

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

Configuring Windows Properly.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Configuring Linux Properly.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

Patching the Operating System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Configuring Browsers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

Chapter 9: Defending Against Virus Attacks 260

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Understanding Virus Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

Virus Scanners.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

Virus Scanning Techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

When Antivirus Causes a Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Commercial Antivirus Software.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Antivirus Policies and Procedures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

Additional Methods for Defending Your System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

What to Do If Your System Is Infected by a Virus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

Chapter 10: Defending Against Trojan Horses and Phishing 296

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

Trojan Horses.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

Phishing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Chapter 11: Security Policies 318

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

ISO 27002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319

Important Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

Defining User Policies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324

Defining System Administration Policies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

Defining Access Control.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336

Defining Developmental Policies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

Disaster Recovery.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

Chapter 12: Assessing System Security 346

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

Risk Assessment Concepts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Evaluating the Security Risk.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

Conducting the Initial Assessment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Probing the Network.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

Vulnerabilities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381

McCumber Cube.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384

Security Documentation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Chapter 13: Security Standards 394

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

COBIT.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

ISO Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396

NIST Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

U.S. DoD Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

Using the Common Criteria.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Using Security Models.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407

U.S. Federal Regulations, Guidelines, and Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . 410

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414

Chapter 14: Physical Security and Disaster Recovery 422

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422

Physical Security.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422

Disaster Recovery.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428

Ensuring Fault Tolerance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435

Chapter 15: Techniques Used by Attackers 438

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438

Preparing to Hack.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

The Attack Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453

Session Hijacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457

Wi-Fi Hacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459

Bluetooth Hacking.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

Chapter 16: Introduction to Forensics 466

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466

General Forensics Guidelines.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467

FBI Forensics Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470

Imaging a Drive.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471

Finding Evidence on the PC.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

Gathering Evidence from a Cell Phone.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485

Forensic Tools to Use.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491

AccessData Forensic Toolkit.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491

EnCase.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492

The Sleuth Kit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492

OSForensics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492

Forensic Science.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493

To Certify or Not to Certify?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493

Expert Witnesses.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494

Additional Types of Forensics.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

Endnote.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

Chapter 17: Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 504

Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504

Defending Against Computer-Based Espionage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505

Defending Against Computer-Based Terrorism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508

Choosing Defense Strategies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524

Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524

Appendix A: Answers 530

Glossary 542

9780138200589, 9/1/2023

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